LAURENT MASCARON VET CONSULTING
"Take the Best from Science to promote evidence-based solutions for Animal Health".
"Mettre la Science au service de la Santé Animale".
{auteur : Laurent MASCARON}
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1702 Mars 2024, 24
Une étude a été menée pendant 2 ans dans 4 cliniques vétérinaires afin de préciser les signes cliniques, biochimiques et hématologiques associés à une septicémie chez les jeunes veaux allaitants hospitalisés avec une atteinte de l'état général. La proportion de veaux bactériémiques dans cette étude a été de 46%, liée au taux de mortalité des veaux malades malgré une sensibilité élevée des germes isolés aux antibiotiques.
{auteur : Laurent MASCARON}
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1696 Fev 2024, 21-22
De répartition mondiale, les mycoplasmoses à M. bovis peuvent engendrer des pertes importantes dans les élevages bovins. Une des difficultés pour la mise au point de vaccins efficaces est l'hypervariabilité de ses antigènes de surface, le rendant capable d'échapper à la réponse immunitaire de l'hôte.
{auteur : Laurent MASCARON}
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1693 Janv 2024, 18-19
Un essai clinique sur 600 veaux dans 12 exploitations en région Auvergne a comparé pendant leurs 7 premiers mois de vie les effets sur la santé et la croissance d'une supplémentation en oligo-éléments par voie orale on injectable ; les résultats n'ont pas été statistiquement différents entre les deux types de supplémentation employés, à l'exception d'une fréquence plus faible des omphalites (infections ombilicales) chez les veaux ayant reçu le traitement injectable.
Antibiothérapie des mammites à coliformes : usage raisonné et expérience d'un praticien
{auteur : Laurent MASCARON}
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1684 Nov 2023, 29
Synthèse par un expert praticien sur l'utilisation raisonnée des antibiotiques pour traiter les infections mammaires à coliformes, bactéries les plus fréquemment isolées lors de mammite clinique des vaches laitières.
La décision thérapeutique dépend surtout de la forme clinique de l'infection.
Agents pathogènes et maladies respiratoires des veaux : recherche des facteurs de risque
{auteur : Laurent MASCARON}
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1679 Oct 2023, 24
Une étude belge menée pendant 2 ans en Flandre sur les maladies respiratoires des veaux a montré que le coronavirus était le virus le plus souvent mis en évidence par PCR sur liquides de lavage bronchoalvéolaire. Sa présence était liée à celle de Mannheimia haemolytica , ce qui suggère une participation conjointe dans les troubles observés
{auteur : Laurent MASCARON}
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1671 Juillet 2023, 20
Vetoquinol a organisé lors des Journées nationales des GTV un symposium pour présenter son nouvel outil d’analyse bactériologique automatisée du lait. Son intérêt pour développer le traitement ciblé des mammites cliniques non sévères a été souligné, comme celui de connaitre les valeurs de CMI des souches isolées vis à vis de la pénicilline.
Infections respiratoires des jeunes bovins : points clés pour une antibiothérapie raisonnée
{auteur : Laurent MASCARON}
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1670 Juin 2023, 21
Bien que les BPIE soient souvent d’origine multifactorielle, avec une implication virale fréquente, il est indispensable d’administrer un antibiotique lors du traitement de première intention. Il faut cibler en priorité les pasteurelles, et Mycoplasma bovis le cas échéant. L’antibioprévention est à proscrire mais une métaphylaxie peut éventuellement être indiquée après un examen clinique vétérinaire montrant une forte proportion d’animaux touchés dans un lot.
Antibiothérapie des diarrhées néonatales bovines : approche raisonnée d’un collectif de praticiens
{auteur : Laurent MASCARON}
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1660 Avril 2023, 22
Un groupe de travail a cherché à établir des recommandations de bon usage des antibiotiques lors de diarrhées néo-natales des veaux. Elles constituent une cause fréquente d’antibiothérapie, notamment en élevage allaitant. Seuls les cas sévères avec un fort risque de septicémie sont redevables d’un traitement antibiotique, à visée à la fois intestinale (pour diminuer la charge infectieuse dans le tube digestif) et systémique, pour lutter contre la bactériémie.
Antibiotiques, sensibilité des pathogènes mammaires et bonnes pratiques : les solutions disponibles
{auteur : Laurent MASCARON}
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1649 Janvier 2023, 19-20
Une synthèse sur l'antibiorésistance des pathogènes mammaires, les mesures préventives en élevage bovin laitier et les nouvelles préconisations pour rationaliser l'usage des antibiotiques lors de mammite a été présentée lors d'un symposium d'experts organisé en septembre 2022 à Rennes.
(auteur: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1642 Décembre 2022, 22
La journée scientifique de l'Adilva qui s’est tenue le 14 octobre à Bourges, dans le cadre des Rencontres nationales de santé publique vétérinaire, a permis à Christian Quinet, directeur du département Laboratoire et diagnostic de l’Arsia (Ciney, Belgique), de présenter un nouvel outil de suivi de l’infestation parasitaire des ruminants, au service d’une gestion raisonnée des traitements.
(auteur: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1620 Mai 2022, 25
La sélection et le suivi des troupeaux jouent un rôle essentiel dans la réussite de la mise en place d'un traitement sélectif au tarissement des vaches laitières à la place d'un traitement systématique. C'est l'une des mesures les plus efficaces pour réduire l'utilisation des antibiotiques en élevage laitier. Il est très important d'évaluer la gestion des mammites et, si nécessaire, de l'optimiser afin de réduire le risque de développer de nouvelles infections pendant le tarissement.
(auteur: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1610 Mars 2022, 22
La fièvre Q est une maladie bactérienne transmissible à l'Homme préférentiellement par voie aérienne à partir des ruminants domestiques infectés. Les sources majeures de contamination sont les produits de la parturition (mise bas normale ou avortement) et le lait. Les fèces constituent également une voie possible d'excrétion par les animaux infectés et de contamination de l'environnement. Ils pourraient être utilisés, en complément d'analyses sérologiques, pour mettre en évidence les animaux infectés, en dehors des produits de la parturition et du lait, et pour évaluer le risque de contamination de l'environnement.
Séquençage à haut débit : un outil pour le diagnostic causal des pneumonies chez les bovins ?
(auteur: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1609 Mars 2022, 21-22
Apport des nouvelles technologies de séquençage du génome au diagnostic causal des pneumonies chez les jeunes bovins : à côté des bactéries classiquement recherchées par culture et/ou PCR et dont le rôle pathogène est bien établi (Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida et Mycoplasma bovis retrouvées dans presque 50% des poumons atteints, beaucoup moins sur poumons sains), les bactéries les plus fréquemment mises en évidence ont un pouvoir pathogène parfois mal documenté.
Vaccins contre la Covid-19 : regards croisés entre santé humaine et animale
(auteur: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1609 Mars 2022, 9
Les Rencontres de l'innovation, organisées le 25 novembre 2021 à Paris, ont permis à des vétérinaires praticiens d'échanger avec des scientifiques et des représentants de l'industrie pharmaceutique sur la vaccination contre la Covid-19 chez l'Homme et l'animal. La pandémie a contribué à stimuler l'innovation notamment pour raccourcir les délais de développement habituels des vaccins. Actuellement les autorités de l'UE ne sont pas favorables à la mise sur le marché de vaccins contre le Sars-CoV-2 destinés aux animaux.
(auteur: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1604 Janvier 2022, 19
La précocité du transfert au veau d'immunoglobulines spécifiques, réalisé directement et/ou par l'intermédiaire du colostrum, joue un rôle majeur dans la protection des nouveau-nés. Il peut être pertinent d'apporter directement au veau une quantité maitrisée d'anticorps spécifiques dans les élevages où la vaccination des mères ne donne pas de bons résultats.
Vaccins et vaccinations chez les bovins / Cattle vaccination review
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
Santé Bovins Eleveurs Vétérinaires N°7 automne 2021, 16-21
Revue éditée par Vétel, en collaboration avec la SNGTV
Point technique sur la vaccination chez les bovins, à destination des éleveurs, dans une revue distribuée dans tous les cabinets vétérinaires de France avec une activité rurale :
- Vaccination comparée chez l'Homme et en élevages bovins : objectifs et critères de mise en oeuvre
- Intérêts de la vaccination : un partenariat vétérinaire - éleveur
- Quel est le taux de couverture vaccinale contre les principales maladies bovines ?
- Un fort courant d'innovations stimule les pratiques de vaccination
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1578 June 2021, 27.
BVD cases reported by field veterinary practioners in an international awards competition showed the great variability of symptoms in infected herds as well as high risk of virus transmission and interest of vaccination in control plans.
Three-years retrospective pharmacovigilance study following vaccination in horses
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1568 April 2021, 17.
Cases reported to the National Agency for Veterinary Medicines (Anses-ANMV) in France over the 2016-2018 period resulted mainly non-serious. The most frequent side effects were local reactions at injection site.
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1541 Sept 2020, 22-23.
Testimonial from Chantal AUDEVAL, DVM and Technical Manager of LDA 58 in Nevers (France): challenges and solutions for diagnostic labs for mass BVDV virology on ear-notch samples in newborn calves, within the short calving season .
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1535 June 2020, 25.
Mastitis is the N°1 disease in dairy cows with a huge potential for prevention and efficacious vaccines: a review of development perspectives and currently licensed products in Europe is presented .
Review of the interest and limitations of PCR for bacteriological diagnosis of cow mastitis
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1528 May 2020, 23-24.
The use of PCR for bacteriological diagnosis of mastitis offers a high sensitivity as well as a quick availability of results but requires perfect aseptic sampling on farm. Routine analysis should better consider the "golden standard" bacteriological culture and identification to point out the causative agents whether PCR can be a tool of interest to develop good practice awareness and communication with farmers.
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1525 April 2020, 4.
Interview of the President of the Association of directors of public veterinary diagnostic laboratories about their involvement and proposals to participate in the diagnostic of Covid-19 in the human population in France, in case medical laboratories need extra help during current outbreak.
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1524 April 2020, 18-19.
Strategies for selective dry cow therapy are very variable around the world: review of on-field proposals to reduce the use of antibiotics in major dairy markets and impact on udder health.
How about building effective group immunity against infectious diseases ?
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1522 March 2020, 19.
Control of emerging infectious diseases consists firstly in appropriate sanitary measures to limit the spread of infection, and secondly on solid group immunity generated by vaccination or infection. Group immunity, whenever resulting from vaccination or natural infection, is key in protecting individuals from disease.
Optimizing future productivity of dairy herd through proper weaning and management of young heifers
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1518 February 2020, 21.
Good health and proper growth of young heifers, especially until weaning, are mandatory to optimize performance of dairy cows. The way calves are reared will not have only an impact on the cost of rearing but it will also influence the longevity and milking abilities of these animals once they reach adulthood.
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1514 February 2020, 19-21.
The management of large numbers of ear notch samples for BVDV analysis generated by the on-going implementation of eradication plans is a big challenge for labs with potential consequences for farmers and sanitation authorities . The testimony of a field veterinarian in the Charolais region highlights the key points of this challenge.
Animal exposure to antimicrobials and update on resistance to antibiotics of pathogenic bacteria
in veterinary medicine in France
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1504 November 2019, 7-10.
The exposure of animals to antibiotics has been reduced by 38.5% in 2018 as compared to 2011 according to the report issued by the French ministry of agriculture. The use of antimicrobials in veterinary medicine resulted globally stable in 2018/2017, despite a slight increase in cattle and rabbits on that period, due to injectable treatments.
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE TECHNIQUE, N°169 June 2019, 11-15.
Review of the terminology of vaccination and recommendations of experts on canine and feline immunization protocols to prevent major infectious and parasitic diseases, with special emphasis on efficacy at global and animal level, hurdles including repeated administrations and possible adverse events, and risk/benefit, especially in susceptible young animals. Vaccination of every animal taking part in the cats and dogs population is required by WSAVA and expert Committees to control major infectious diseases.
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1486 June 2019, 24.
Experts from the Netherlands, France and UK presented a review of past and current recommendations for cattle mastitis prevention and treatment, with special focus on selective dry cow therapy in the perspective of the prudent use of antibiotics. The most worrisome antimicrobial resistance issue could be the resistance to penicillin of 25% strains of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from field cattle mastitis.
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1476 March 2019, 22.
Christian QUINET, Director of Arsia diagnostic laboratory in Ciney (Wallonia), presented the results of a 6 years survey of serological and clinical data collected for 6 years in 400 herds in Belgium to determine the impact of Mycoplasma bovis infection on various pathological disorders in cattle . The risk of severe pneumonia resulted significantly higher in seropositive farms whereas no increased incidence of mastitis was noted in M. bovis infected/uninfected herds.
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1472 Fev 2019, 4-6.
Public veterinary laboratories offer a valuable network at county level for epidemiological surveillance and diagnostic to field veterinarians in livestock and equine medicine. Testimonial from the President of the French Veterinary Surgeons Association stresses on the need for a public network of veterinary laboratories for field coverage of the national territory.
Review and challenges at lab level of the current BVDV eradication plan in Belgium
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1462 Dec 2018, 25.
Christian QUINET, DVM and Director of Arsia diagnostic laboratory in Ciney (Wallonia), presents the history and challenges for diagnostic labs of the implementation of the on-going BVDV eradication plan in Belgium. Incidence of BVDV viropositive newborn calves has dropped from 0.6% to 0.1% in a 3 year-period (voluntary program turned mandatory on Jan 1st 2015).
Growing interest for vaccination as a valuable tool to control antimicrobial resistance
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1449 Sept 2018, 30.
French politics and production stakeholders met in the National Assembly for a round table to exchange about the interest and hurdles in vaccination as a promising tool to reduce the use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine. Practical aspects as well as acheivements of preventive vaccination against chronic and immunosuppressive infections are presented.
Peer review scientific publication in cooperation with Virbac and Lublin University, Poland:
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1441 June 2018, 10.
Colistin has been commonly used in livestock medicine for decades, whereas it is now considered as a last chance antibiotic in human medicine. A review of the use of colistin by cattle veterinarians, perspectives in the hypothesis it is classified as a critical antibiotic, and update on the diffusion of mcr resistance genes in enteritic Escherichia coli isolated in France are presented, as well as the evolution of the regulatory situation of colistin prescription.
Virbac Info Export, June 2018 (author: Laurent MASCARON).
Infections by gram-negative bacteria are a common cause of mortality, morbidity and economic damage in cattle and swine. The pathogenic effects of these widespread bacteria are linked to their multiplication in the infected animal but also to the intense host inflammatory response against a major component of the gram-negative bacteria: endotoxin.
Any antibiotic treatment aims to stop bacterial infection, but should also ideally counteract the effects of endotoxin, as released during the course of infection or upon the lysis of bacteria .
Milestones in building a vaccination program on farm to prevent BRD
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1435 April 2018, 27.
Vaccination as part of prevention measures can be a valuable tool to minimize the impact of bovine respiratory diseases (BRD) and reduce the use of antibiotics in cattle . The age of the youngest animals to protect is a cornerstone to design on farm efficient vaccination programs inducing long-term immunity. The results of recent field trials that aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an immunization of calves against Pasteurella multocida and/or Mannheimia haemolytica, besides vaccination against BRSV, PI3 and occasionally BVDV, are presented.
Dairy and beef cattle production economics: opportunities beyond crisis
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1430 March 2018, 10-12.
Review of the present/prospective economical situation of dairy and beef cattle production systems and new trends in consumers' expectations. Adaptation of producers to the evolving consumers' demand is growing rapidly and creates opportunities for veterinary consultancy.
Humoral and cellular immunity are stimulated after BVDV vaccination or challenge
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1412-1413 Nov 2017, 30.
A trial was carried out in seronegative and vironegative calves to explore the specific BVDV immune response following vaccination or challenge with a BVDV type 2 field isolate from the US. All study animals produced neutralizing antibodies to BVDV types 1 and 2 after vaccination or challenge while control animals remained seronegative. T cell responses involving all three T cell subsets (CD4, CD8, and γδTCR) were observed after contact of blood lymphocytes with the BVDV type 1 and BVDV type 2 strains present in the vaccine, 5-7 weeks after vaccination or challenge. Therefore memory T cells have to be taken into account into the specific immunity following BVDV vaccination or infection.
(Co-author and consultant: Laurent MASCARON)
Clinical mastitis management based on the use of a quick bacteriological method as a preliminary test to antimicrobial therapy in dairy lactating cows (Co-author and consultant: Laurent MASCARON)
EBF, Bilbao, Oct 4- 6th, 2017
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1400 June 2017, 22-23.
A field surveillance study of Q fever in ruminant repeated abortions was carried out for 3 years in selected regions from France combining PCR and serological analysis for Coxiella burnetii. Repeated abortions were estimated as due to Q fever in 2.7% cattle farms, 6.2% sheep farms and 15.8% goat farms. Seroprevalence resulted higher in dairy farms as compared to beef (cattle and sheep), with wide regional variations.
BVDV control: review of available vaccines and prospective use in the French eradication plan
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE TECHNIQUE, N°148 March 2017, 31-37.
The technical characteristics and abilities of BVDV vaccines available on the French market are presented. Their proper use in present and future eradication plans is discussed including testimonies from major representatives of cattle veterinary practitioners, French academics and sanitation organizations.
Antibioresistance costs: focus on some livestock production systems
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1385 March 2017, 26-27.
Review of the current national and international action plans to reduce the use of antimicrobial compounds, in human health as well as in the agricultural and animal rearing sector. The costs generated by antibioresistance and alternative strategies to antibiotherapy in the rabbit, swine and dairy cattle production systems are discussed. A trend in developing prevention and reducing the use of antibiotics is emerging in France but remains very sensitive to cost/benefit and market value of selling products.
Serological survey about BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 in Burgendy, France
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1382 Feb 2017, 22.
A serological survey was carried out in 52 cattle farms all over Burgendy, involving 13 veterinary practices, to evaluate the frequency of herd contacts with BVDV- 1 and BVDV-2. 58% sera from 6-8 years old cows had detectable neutralizing antibodies versus BVDV-1 and 17% versus BVDV-1 and BVDV-2. All BVDV-2 serologically positive cows resulted positive for BVDV-1. Reasons for double-seropositive animals may include the long-term immune response linked to BVDV neutralizing antibodies, reported cross serum neutralization between BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 and occasional combined infections in cattle.
New resistance transfer mechanism in Pasteurellaceae isolated from BRD in cattle
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1355 June 2016, 24.
Emerging resistance of Pasteurellaceae in US feedlots, especially versus macrolide antibiotics, has been recently associated to a new resistance transfer mechanism. The susceptiblity of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida strains isolated from field cases of bovine respiratory disease versus some long-acting macrolides also seems to be regularly declining in France according to independent researchers and Resapath official data.
French cattle industry and the global food challenge
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1348 May 2016, 12.
Review of the cattle production systems in France (beef and dairy) and opportunities to compete on the global food market. Strengths and weaknesses, evolution and economics of the French dairy and beef operations. Opportunities for producers and veterinary consultancy.
Leptospirosis in veterinary medicine: epidemiology, vaccination and clinical signs
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1336 Feb 2016, 8-12.
Review of the infection by Leptospira interrogans in man, wildlife and domestic animals (canine, equine, bovine and porcine species). Update on epidemiology in France, vaccination, diagnosis and clinical signs.
Need for harmonised efficacious measures for BVDV control in Europe
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1333 Jan 2016, 22-24.
Update on the scientific knowledge about BVDV in cattle and review of the current control measures in Western Europe. Interest in a global progress in eradication/control including the rational use of vaccination.
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1318 Oct 2015, 10-11.
The Epizone and European society for veterinary virology annual congress gathered more than 400 specialists offering a wide windscreen on the latest state of scientific research about epidemiology, molecular biology and control of viral diseases. Metagenomics are on the way to revolutionize diagnosis and understanding of health status and emerging diseases.
Host species jumps and spread of « exotic » diseases are influenced by contacts and global warming with subsequent evolution in the distribution areas of vectors, especially arthropods (arboviroses).
Vaccination in cattle is seldom regarded as prevention by farmers
(author: Laurent MASCARON)
LA DEPECHE VETERINAIRE, N°1298 April 2015, 7-8.
Inquiry among cattle producers as organised by SIMV (French Association of the Veterinary Medicinal Industry) unveils vaccination is commonly perceived as curative, as a consequence of mis-management and animal losses, and not taking part in prevention (hygiene, biosecurity, environment). Vet is regarded as the most reliable counsellor to cattle farmers to implement a vaccination program, but communication should be simple, positive, and presenting vaccination as a basic modern farm measure.